Research Overview
It was designed to simultaneously engage GIP, GLP-1, and glucagon receptors, enabling investigation of integrated metabolic signaling within controlled experimental systems [1]. Preclinical studies describe how triple-agonist peptides modulate cAMP signaling, receptor bias, and energy balance pathways at the cellular level [2]. Structural optimization, including fatty-acid side-chain modification, enhances peptide stability and albumin binding, making it a valuable research tool for studying pharmacokinetics and multi-receptor peptide engineering [3]. These properties distinguish it from single- and dual-agonist incretin analogs in laboratory research contexts.
Applications in Scientific Research
In laboratory and preclinical research models, it is primarily studied in metabolic regulation, endocrine signaling, and energy homeostasis frameworks. Additional studies explore how combined activation of GIP, GLP-1, and glucagon receptors influences lipid metabolism, mitochondrial activity, and adaptive metabolic responses under experimental conditions [4][5]. These investigations position it as a reference compound for researchers studying advanced incretin biology and multi-target peptide design. This compound is not intended for human or veterinary use.
Referenced Citations
- Coskun T. et al. “Triple-hormone receptor agonists for the treatment of metabolic disease.” Journal of Medicinal Chemistry.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33622898/
- Finan B. et al. “Unimolecular multiagonists for metabolic diseases.” Nature Medicine.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27018757/
- Campbell J.E., Drucker D.J. “Pharmacology, physiology, and mechanisms of incretin hormone action.” Cell Metabolism.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24836535/
- Holst J.J., Rosenkilde M.M. “GIP and glucagon receptor signaling in metabolic regulation.” Trends in Endocrinology & Metabolism.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30291044/
- Müller T.D. et al. “Glucagon receptor biology and metabolic effects.” Endocrine Reviews.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31657307/